General Landscape Uses: specimen tree, shade tree, evergreen appeal, fragrance garden feature

Ecological Restoration Notes: forest regeneration and reforestation, wildlife habitat and pollination support, soil stabilization and erosion control, climate adaptation and carbon sequestration

Description: Evergreen tree with berries used in spice.

Dimensions: Height – 20 – 40 ft.; Spread – 15 – 25 ft.

Growth Rate: Moderate to slow

Native Range: Central America, Caribbean, Mexico

Native Habitats: tropical and subtropical rainforests

Soils: well-drained limestone

Nutritional Requirements: limestone rich soils

Salt Water Tolerance: Moderate to low

Salt Wind Tolerance: Moderate

Drought Tolerance: Moderate

Light Requirements: Full sun

Flower Color: Creamy white

Flower Characteristics: Fragrant

Flowering Season: July

Fruit: Purple to black when mature, resemble a blend of cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves

Wildlife and Ecology: Flowers attract pollinators, birds and small mammals consume the berries, soil stabilization, carbon sequestration

Horticultural Notes: Propagation by seed.

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